Printf
Revision as of 19:08, 29 May 2023 by Pazako Karu (talk | contribs) (→Code: fix() function was improved, works with any valid precision and is way faster.)
To the best of my ability, this replicates the printf() function as it exists in other languages. Generally speaking, you write a string with some format specifiers, and then send it the variables, rather than having to concatenate a bunch of strings and conversions together.
%[align][width][.precision]flag
Align supports -, =, + for left, center, and right align.
Width will pad spaces if the result string doesn't fit. It doesn't crop one.
Precision limits decimal spaces of a float. 0 makes it an integer
Flag determines input type, with %s string, %d integer, %f float, %v vector, and %r rotation supported.
A vector or rotation will have pad/align/precision applied to each of its sub-parts, rather than the whole thing. This just made more sense to me. And yes technically, this is sprintf, but I did add a printf function to ownersay the results.
Code
string pad(string value, integer width, string alignment)
{
integer len = llStringLength(value);
if (width > len)
{
string spacers = " ";
while (llStringLength(spacers) < width-len) // This works fastest with a maxed width constant, but can be dynamic
spacers += spacers; // Expand spacers while necessary
spacers = llGetSubString(spacers, 0, width-len-1);
if (alignment == "-") // left align
return value+spacers;
else if (alignment == "+") // right align
return spacers+value;
else if (alignment == "=") // center align
return llInsertString(spacers, (width-len)/2, value);
}
return value;
}
string fix(float value, integer precision)
{//Set the decimal precision of a float. Technically only affects decimal places
if (precision < 1) precision = -1;
if (precision > 6) precision = 6;
return llGetSubString((string)value, 0, precision-7);
}
printf(string input, list values)
{
llOwnerSay(sprintf(input, values));
}
string sprintf(string input, list values)
{
integer iValue; // Which value will replace
integer iValues = llGetListLength(values); // Number of values to replace
for (iValue = 0; iValue < iValues; iValue++)
{
integer index = llSubStringIndex(input, "%"); // "%=99.9v " tag found
if (~index)
{
string buffer = llGetSubString(input, index, index+12); // A few chars past % into a buffer
integer bufferLen = llSubStringIndex(buffer, " "); // A space or newline ends buffer
if (!~bufferLen)
bufferLen = llSubStringIndex(buffer, "\n");
buffer = llGetSubString(buffer, 0, bufferLen); // Trim buffer to new length
integer alignIndex;
string alignment = "+"; // Default to right align
if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "=")) // Center align
alignment = "=";
else if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "-")) // Left align
alignment = "-";
else if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "+")) // Right align
alignment = "+";
else
alignIndex--; // There is no symbol, move index back for (integer) typecast later //*/
integer width = (integer)llGetSubString(buffer, 2+alignIndex, -1);
integer precision = 0;
integer dot = llSubStringIndex(buffer, "."); // Location of period, if any
if (~dot) // If there is a dot, the integer which follows is our precision
precision = (integer)llGetSubString(buffer, 1+dot, -1);
string formatted; // Result of formatting to replace into string
if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "f")) // if type == float
{
float value = llList2Float(values, iValue);
formatted = fix(value, precision);
}
else if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "v")) // if type == vector
{
vector value = (vector)llList2String(values, iValue);
formatted = (string)["<", pad(fix(value.x, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.y, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.z, precision), width, alignment), ">"];
}
else if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "r")) // if type == rotation
{
rotation value = (rotation)llList2String(values, iValue);
formatted = (string)["<", pad(fix(value.x, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.y, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.z, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.s, precision), width, alignment), ">"];
} // Because of typecasting in a list, "s" and "d" are identical, so catch all at the end
else formatted = llList2String(values, iValue);
// insert formatted value back into source string, and a space
input = llInsertString(llDeleteSubString(input, index, index+bufferLen),index, pad(formatted, width, alignment)+" ");
// cant use this, faster but we only want to replace one value, this does all.
//input = llDumpList2String(llParseStringKeepNulls(input, [llGetSubString(input, index, index+bufferLen)], []), pad(formatted, width, alignment)+" ");
}
}
return input;
}
default
{
state_entry()
{
printf("This script has been running for %0.2f seconds.", [llGetTime()]);
}
}
Example with testing functions included
integer TRIALS = 5000;
string pad(string value, integer width, string alignment)
{
integer len = llStringLength(value);
if (width > len)
{
string spacers = " ";
while (llStringLength(spacers) < width-len) // This works fastest with a maxed width constant, but can be dynamic
spacers += spacers; // Expand spacers while necessary
spacers = llGetSubString(spacers, 0, width-len-1);
if (alignment == "-") // left align
return value+spacers;
else if (alignment == "+") // right align
return spacers+value;
else if (alignment == "=") // center align
return llInsertString(spacers, (width-len)/2, value);
}
return value;
}
string fix(float value, integer precision)
{//Set the decimal precision of a float. Technically only affects decimal places
integer pre = (integer)value;
// WARNING !! Rounding is occurring here: Not rounding left 69.1 as 69.099998 => 69.0
integer post = llRound(llPow(10,precision)*(value-pre)); // In linux, rounding is expected behavior
if (precision > 0)
return (string)pre + "." + llGetSubString((string)post+"0000000", 0, precision-1);
return (string)pre;
}
printf(string input, list values)
{
llOwnerSay(sprintf(input, values));
}
string sprintf(string input, list values)
{
integer iValue; // Which value will replace
integer iValues = llGetListLength(values); // Number of values to replace
for (iValue = 0; iValue < iValues; iValue++)
{
integer index = llSubStringIndex(input, "%"); // "%=99.9v " tag found
if (~index)
{
string buffer = llGetSubString(input, index, index+12); // A few chars past % into a buffer
integer bufferLen = llSubStringIndex(buffer, " "); // A space or newline ends buffer
if (!~bufferLen)
bufferLen = llSubStringIndex(buffer, "\n");
buffer = llGetSubString(buffer, 0, bufferLen); // Trim buffer to new length
integer alignIndex;
string alignment = "+"; // Default to right align
if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "=")) // Center align
alignment = "=";
else if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "-")) // Left align
alignment = "-";
else if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "+")) // Right align
alignment = "+";
else
alignIndex--; // There is no symbol, move index back for (integer) typecast later //*/
integer width = (integer)llGetSubString(buffer, 2+alignIndex, -1);
integer precision = 0;
integer dot = llSubStringIndex(buffer, "."); // Location of period, if any
if (~dot) // If there is a dot, the integer which follows is our precision
precision = (integer)llGetSubString(buffer, 1+dot, -1);
string formatted; // Result of formatting to replace into string
if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "f")) // if type == float
{
float value = llList2Float(values, iValue);
formatted = fix(value, precision);
}
else if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "v")) // if type == vector
{
vector value = (vector)llList2String(values, iValue);
formatted = (string)["<", pad(fix(value.x, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.y, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.z, precision), width, alignment), ">"];
}
else if (~llSubStringIndex(buffer, "r")) // if type == rotation
{
rotation value = (rotation)llList2String(values, iValue);
formatted = (string)["<", pad(fix(value.x, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.y, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.z, precision), width, alignment), ",",
pad(fix(value.s, precision), width, alignment), ">"];
} // Because of typecasting in a list, "s" and "d" are identical, so catch all at the end
else formatted = llList2String(values, iValue);
// insert formatted value back into source string, and a space
input = llInsertString(llDeleteSubString(input, index, index+bufferLen),index, pad(formatted, width, alignment)+" ");
// cant use this, faster but we only want to replace one value, this does all.
//input = llDumpList2String(llParseStringKeepNulls(input, [llGetSubString(input, index, index+bufferLen)], []), pad(formatted, width, alignment)+" ");
}
}
return input;
}
testPad() // string pad(string value, integer width, string alignment)
{ // 5000 trials completed in 7.71 seconds, 1.5 ms each.
string TEST_STRING = "ABC";
integer WIDTH_LIMIT = 60; // Max whitespace for padding test
integer i;
integer j;
float t1 = llGetTime();
for (i = 0; i < TRIALS; i+= 3) // One for each align, so skip 3
{
j = i % WIDTH_LIMIT;
pad(TEST_STRING, j+0, "-"); // Left align
pad(TEST_STRING, j+1, "="); // Center align
pad(TEST_STRING, j+2, "+"); // Right align
}
float t2 = llGetTime();
llOwnerSay(sprintf("%d trials completed in %0.2f seconds, %0.3f ms each.", [TRIALS, t2-t1, 1E3*(t2-t1)/TRIALS]));
}
testFix() // string fix(float value, integer precision)
{ // 5000 trials completed in 23.67 seconds, 4.7 ms each.
integer i;
integer j;
float t1 = llGetTime();
for (i = 0; i < TRIALS; i++)
for (j = 0; j <= 6; j++) // Precision is meaningless past 6 in lsl
fix(i, j);
float t2 = llGetTime();
llOwnerSay(sprintf("%d trials completed in %0.2f seconds, %0.3f ms each.", [TRIALS, t2-t1, 1E3*(t2-t1)/TRIALS]));
}
testSprintf()
{
float t1 = llGetTime();
list tests = [ sprintf("%12.5r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%12.0r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%0.5r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%12.r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%.5r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%.r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%-12r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%=12r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%+12r", [ZERO_ROTATION]),
sprintf("%12.5v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%12.0v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%0.5v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%12.v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%.5v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%.v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%-12v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%=12v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%+12v", [ZERO_VECTOR]),
sprintf("%12.5f", [0]),
sprintf("%12.0f", [0]),
sprintf("%0.5f", [0]),
sprintf("%12.f", [0]),
sprintf("%.5f", [0]),
sprintf("%.f", [0]),
sprintf("%f", [0]),
sprintf("%-12f", [0]),
sprintf("%=12f", [0]),
sprintf("%+12f", [0]),
sprintf("%12.5d", [0]),
sprintf("%12.0d", [0]),
sprintf("%0.5d", [0]),
sprintf("%12.d", [0]),
sprintf("%.5d", [0]),
sprintf("%.d", [0]),
sprintf("%d", [0]),
sprintf("%-12d", [0]),
sprintf("%=12d", [0]),
sprintf("%+12d", [0]),
sprintf("%12.5s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%12.0s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%0.5s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%12.s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%.5s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%.s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%12s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%-12s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%=12s", ["Test"]),
sprintf("%+12s", ["Test"])];
integer i;
integer len = llGetListLength(tests);
string out;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
if (!(llList2String(tests, i) == llList2String(results, i)))
out += "\n"+sprintf("Test #%d, %s != %s", [i, llList2String(tests, i), llList2String(results, i)]);
}
float t2 = llGetTime();
if (out)
llOwnerSay("Failures: " + out);
else llOwnerSay(sprintf("%d tests passed in %.2f seconds with an average run time of %.2f ms",[len, t2-t1, 1000*(t2-t1)/len]));
}
// Answers to the test
list results = [// rots
"< 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 1.00000> ",
"< 0, 0, 0, 1> ",
"<0.00000,0.00000,0.00000,1.00000> ",
"< 0, 0, 0, 1> ",
"<0.00000,0.00000,0.00000,1.00000> ",
"<0,0,0,1> ",
"<0,0,0,1> ",
"<0 ,0 ,0 ,1 > ",
"< 0 , 0 , 0 , 1 > ",
"< 0, 0, 0, 1> ",
// vectors
"< 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000> ",
"< 0, 0, 0> ",
"<0.00000,0.00000,0.00000> ",
"< 0, 0, 0> ",
"<0.00000,0.00000,0.00000> ",
"<0,0,0> ",
"<0,0,0> ",
"<0 ,0 ,0 > ",
"< 0 , 0 , 0 > ",
"< 0, 0, 0> ",
// Floats
" 0.00000 ",
" 0 ",
"0.00000 ",
" 0 ",
"0.00000 ",
"0 ",
"0 ",
"0 ",
" 0 ",
" 0 ",
// Integers
" 0 ",
" 0 ",
"0 ",
" 0 ",
"0 ",
"0 ",
"0 ",
"0 ",
" 0 ",
" 0 ",
" Test ",
" Test ",
"Test ",
" Test ",
"Test ",
"Test ",
" Test ",
"Test ",
" Test ",
" Test "];
default
{
state_entry()
{
testPad();
testFix();
testSprintf();
printf("This script has been running for %0.2f seconds.", [llGetTime()]);
}
}
Notes / Copyright
You are free to replicate or otherwise use this code to your heart's content. If you have suggestions for optimization, I'm all ears.