Chatbot
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Introduction
This script lets you chat some new example LSL code on a channel, and then see this script compile and run that code for you.
This script chats back the intermediate and final return values at you, like the Prefix Calculator script does. This script also lets you work with data types other than fixed point numbers and with functions beyond arithmetic.
If you're new, you might prefer to explore by editing one line of a short script of the object, clicking Save to run once, and clicking Reset to run again indefinitely many times. Or you might like to edit and Save in the Inventory > Scripts folder and drag to run a new copy when you please. The Hello Avatar article illustrates those approaches to learning LSL.
The Demo
Remember that wood box that you Create by default inside SL (i.e., "in world")?
This script lets you chat LSL commands to make that box translucent and bouncy and then kick that box around and spin that box, as follows ...
Chat to twiddle the red, green, and blue intensity, also the "alpha" opacity/ transparency:
/7 llSetColor(<0.3, 0.3, 0.3>, ALL_SIDES); // darken /7 llSetColor(<1, 1, 1>, ALL_SIDES); // lighten /7 llSetAlpha(0.7, ALL_SIDES); // make translucent
Chat to twiddle the label of the object running the script:
/7 llSetText("look at me green", <0.0, 1.0, 0.0>, 1.0); // label /7 llSetText("look at me black", <0.0, 0.0, 0.0>, 1.0); // label differently /7 llSetText("", <0.0, 0.0, 0.0>, 1.0); // do not label
Chat to move and rotate while not physical, then kick and spin while physical and bouncy:
/7 llSetStatus(STATUS_PHYSICS, FALSE); /7 llSetPos("+"(llGetPos(), <0.0, 0.0, 2.1>)); // teleport up the Z axis /7 llSetPos("+"(llGetPos(), <0.0, 0.0, -2.1>)); // teleport back down the Z axis /7 llSetLocalRot(llRotBetween(<1, 0, 0>, llGetSunDirection())); // turn the East face to the Sun /7 llSetLocalRot(llEuler2Rot(ZERO_ROTATION)); // turn the East face to the East /7 llSetStatus(STATUS_PHYSICS, TRUE); /7 llSetBuoyancy(0.9); // resist gravity, but don't float /7 llApplyImpulse(<0.0, 0.0, 1.0>, TRUE); // advance along the Z axis /7 llApplyRotationalImpulse(<0.0, 0.0, 3.0>, TRUE); // yaw about the Z axis /7 llSetStatus(STATUS_PHYSICS, FALSE); llSetStatus(STATUS_PHYSICS, TRUE); // zero rot inertia
Chat to ask the object running the script what it knows of itself and avatars:
/7 llGetAgentSize(llGetLinkKey(llGetNumberOfPrims())) // often not ZERO_VECTOR while avatar sits /7 llKey2Name(llGetLinkKey(llGetNumberOfPrims())) // often the name of the sitting avatar /7 llRequestAgentData(llGetOwner(), DATA_BORN); // the data-of-birth of the owning avatar /7 ZERO_VECTOR, FALSE, TRUE, STATUS_PHYSICS, PI // some named code values
Chat to present you with a menu of chat messages for you to send by clicking your one choice:
/7 llDialog(llGetOwner(), "A clarifying demo?", ["No", "Yes"], 7); // chat some Q & A /7 llDialog(llGetOwner(), "Choose an arc:", ["PI_BY_TWO", "PI", "TWO_PI"], 7); // chat some Q & A
Chat to ask how much memory exists (in the task of the script of the object) that you never have yet filled with allocations of byte code, stack, or heap:
/7 llGetFreeMemory()
Your Experience
The LSL commands quoted above often do work as described in their // comments.
The commands work if chatted in the order shown. The commands work if chatted at the usual wood box built by default (0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 m) by the Create choice on the ground menu in the SL GUI.
To see how the weight and shape of an object influence its response to commands that require STATUS_PHYSICS TRUE, try sending these commands to other objects.
To see how force multiplies, try adding this script more than once to an object.
To keep this article short, this script understands only some of the LSL language that may interest you. We hope you'll find it easy to teach this script to understand whichever part of the LSL language you next want to explore. Just by trying, you can see that this script doesn't understand the less commonly useful library function names, arithmetic operators, code constant names, control flow keywords, punctuation marks, etc. Nor does this script understand any of your own function names, until you add those functions to this script.
As you first try speaking more of the LSL language, please don't trust this script too much. If you find you get confused over what this script thinks an LSL command means, please consider slowing down enough to design a small one-off experimental script to show you what the SL GUI thinks the command means. When you find a difference between what the SL GUI thinks and what this script thinks, that's a bug. To keep this article short, this script has many bugs of that kind: this script misunderstands much misspelled LSL, and this script misunderstands much correct LSL.
We welcome you blogging your experience into the discussion tab of this article, to help us track bugs, to help us dream up new tutorial demoes, to encourage our work here, etc.
Enjoy,
P.S.
Ppaatt Lynagh launched this tutorial project in 2007-09.
Ppaatt develops on Mac OS X. You can help by testing Linux or Windows and reporting your experience into the discussion tab of this article.
"Allow anyone to copy", "next owner can copy & modify", and "mark item for sale price L$10" were the rights on Pat's copies of this script in SL, as of 2007-09-06.
Related Articles
Hello_Avatar - Examples of visually powerful single lines of code.
Separate_Words - Substitute a call to the separateWords function in place of a call to llParseString2List whenever you have more than 8 separators or more than 8 spacers.
Slice_List_String_Etc - Return empty lists and strings when expected, while slicing lists or strings.
The Thousand Lines of Script
// 2007-09-23 http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/Chatbot // // Compile and run the Lsl you type on a channel, // faster than you can thru the 2007-08 SL GUI, // thus "chat with your 'bot" while it runs this script. // // Run well in Windows too by never cascading more than 25 else-if. // // Choose one chat channel for hearing commands, echoing commands, and chatting results. integer theChannel = 7; // Chat back a copy of the meaningful or meaningless command, only on request. integer theShouldEcho = TRUE; // Describe the language of an LSL expression without infix operators, string escapes, etc. string lf = "\n"; string quote = "\""; string escape = "\\"; list spacers = [quote, "(", ")", "<", ">", "[", "]", "/", "*", "%", escape]; list separators() { string tab = llUnescapeURL("%09"); // != "\t" string cr = llUnescapeURL("%0D"); // != "\r" return [tab, lf, cr, " ", ",", ";"]; } list types = ["integer", "float", "key", "vector", "rotation", "list"]; // List some frequently useful code values. list theCodes = [ TRUE, FALSE, PI, TWO_PI, PI_BY_TWO, DEG_TO_RAD, RAD_TO_DEG, SQRT2, NULL_KEY, ALL_SIDES, EOF, ZERO_VECTOR, ZERO_ROTATION, STATUS_PHYSICS, DATA_BORN, DATA_NAME, DATA_ONLINE, DATA_PAYINFO, DATA_SIM_POS, DATA_SIM_RATING, DATA_SIM_STATUS, 0 ]; // List the name of each code. list theCodenames = [ "TRUE", "FALSE", "PI", "TWO_PI", "PI_BY_TWO", "DEG_TO_RAD", "RAD_TO_DEG", "SQRT2", "NULL_KEY", "ALL_SIDES", "EOF", "ZERO_VECTOR", "ZERO_ROTATION", "STATUS_PHYSICS", "DATA_BORN", "DATA_NAME", "DATA_ONLINE", "DATA_PAYINFO", "DATA_SIM_POS", "DATA_SIM_RATING", "DATA_SIM_STATUS", "0" ]; // Evaluate any one parameter. list valueOf(string word) { if (0 <= llSubStringIndex(word, ".")) { return [(float) word]; } else if (0 <= llSubStringIndex("0123456789", llGetSubString(word, 0, 0))) { return [(integer) word]; } else { integer index = llListFindList(theCodenames, [word]); if (0 <= index) { return llList2List(theCodes, index, index); } else { return [word]; // unevaluated } } } // Add and return the sum. list sum(list values) { if (llGetListEntryType(values, 0) == TYPE_VECTOR) { return [llList2Vector(values, 0) + llList2Vector(values, 1)]; } return []; } // Subtract and return the difference. list difference(list values) { if (llGetListEntryType(values, 0) == TYPE_VECTOR) { return [llList2Vector(values, 0) - llList2Vector(values, 1)]; } return []; } // Multiply and return the product. list product(list values) { if (llGetListEntryType(values, 0) == TYPE_ROTATION) { return [llList2Rot(values, 0) * llList2Rot(values, 1)]; } return []; } // Divide and return the quotient. list quotient(list values) { if (llGetListEntryType(values, 0) == TYPE_ROTATION) { return [llList2Rot(values, 0) / llList2Rot(values, 1)]; } return []; } // Divide and return the remainder. list remainder(list values) { return []; } // Aggregate and return the composite. list composite(list values) { integer depth = llGetListLength(values); if (depth == 3) { vector vec; vec.x = llList2Float(values, 0); vec.y = llList2Float(values, 1); vec.z = llList2Float(values, 2); return [vec]; } if (depth == 4) { rotation rot; rot.x = llList2Float(values, 0); rot.y = llList2Float(values, 1); rot.z = llList2Float(values, 2); rot.s = llList2Float(values, 2); return [rot]; } return []; } // Pass the parameters to the named routine. // Return a list of results. // Return empty if no result, if empty list returned, or if callable meaningless. list resultOf(string callable, list parameters) { // Abbreviate the word "parameters" list ps = parameters; // Suicide on command if ("llDie" == callable) // () { llDie(); // CAUTION -- this call deletes this script without saving changes -- CAUTION } // Return a list of one result of some verbose prefix arithmetic such as { "+"(vec1, vec2) } if ("<>" == callable) { return composite(ps); } else if ("+" == callable) { return sum(ps); } else if ("-" == callable) { return difference(ps); } else if ("*" == callable) { return product(ps); } else if ("/" == callable) { return quotient(ps); } else if ("%" == callable) { return remainder(ps); } // Return a list of one result of any type, for some meaningful verbs if ("llEscapeURL" == callable) // url { return [llEscapeURL(llList2String(ps, 0))]; } else if ("llEuler2Rot" == callable) // (v) { return [llEuler2Rot(llList2Vector(ps, 0))]; } else if ("llGetAgentInfo" == callable) // (id) { return [llGetAgentInfo(llList2Key(ps, 0))]; } else if ("llGetAgentSize" == callable) // (id) { return [llGetAgentSize(llList2Key(ps, 0))]; } else if ("llGetFreeMemory" == callable) // () { return [llGetFreeMemory()]; } else if ("llGetLinkKey" == callable) // (linknum) { return [llGetLinkKey(llList2Integer(ps, 0))]; } else if ("llGetNumberOfPrims" == callable) // () { return [llGetNumberOfPrims()]; } else if ("llGetOwner" == callable) // () { return [llGetOwner()]; } else if ("llGetPos" == callable) // () { return [llGetPos()]; } else if ("llGetLocalRot" == callable) // () { return [llGetLocalRot()]; } else if ("llGetRegionName" == callable) // () { return [llGetRegionName()]; } else if ("llGetRot" == callable) // () { return [llGetRot()]; } else if ("llGetSunDirection" == callable) // () { return [llGetSunDirection()]; } else if ("llKey2Name" == callable) // id { return [llKey2Name(llList2Key(ps, 0))]; } else if ("llRequestAgentData" == callable) // (id, data) { return [llRequestAgentData(llList2Key(ps, 0), llList2Integer(ps, 1))]; } else if ("llRequestSimulatorData" == callable) // (simulator, data) { return [llRequestSimulatorData(llList2String(ps, 0), llList2Integer(ps, 1))]; } else if ("llRot2Euler" == callable) // (q) { return [llRot2Euler(llList2Rot(ps, 0))]; } else if ("llRotBetween" == callable) // (v1, v2) { return [llRotBetween(llList2Vector(ps, 0), llList2Vector(ps, 1))]; } else if ("llUnescapeURL" == callable) // url { return [llUnescapeURL(llList2String(ps, 0))]; } else if ("llVecNorm" == callable) // v { return [llVecNorm(llList2Vector(ps, 0))]; } // Obey some meaningful verbs that return no result integer meaningful = TRUE; if ("llApplyImpulse" == callable) // (force, local) { llApplyImpulse(llList2Vector(ps, 0), llList2Integer(ps, 1)); } else if ("llApplyRotationalImpulse" == callable) // (force, local) { llApplyRotationalImpulse(llList2Vector(ps, 0), llList2Integer(ps, 1)); } else if ("llDialog" == callable) // (avatar, message, buttons, channel) { llDialog(llList2Key(ps, 0), llList2String(ps, 1), list2ListEntry(ps, 2), llList2Integer(ps, 3)); } else if ("llSetAlpha" == callable) // (alpha, face) { llSetAlpha(llList2Float(ps, 0), llList2Integer(ps, 1)); } else if ("llSetBuoyancy" == callable) // (buoyancy) { llSetBuoyancy(llList2Float(ps, 0)); } else if ("llSetColor" == callable) // (color, face) { llSetColor(llList2Vector(ps, 0), llList2Integer(ps, 1)); } else if ("llSetLocalRot" == callable) // (rot) { llSetLocalRot(llList2Rot(ps, 0)); } else if ("llSetPos" == callable) // (pos) { llSetPos(llList2Vector(ps, 0)); } else if ("llSetRot" == callable) // (rot) { llSetRot(llList2Rot(ps, 0)); } else if ("llSetScale" == callable) // (scale) { llSetScale(llList2Vector(ps, 0)); } else if ("llSetStatus" == callable) // (status, value) { llSetStatus(llList2Integer(ps, 0), llList2Integer(ps, 1)); } else if ("llSetText" == callable) // (text, color, alpha) { llSetText(llList2String(ps, 0), llList2Vector(ps, 1), llList2Float(ps, 2)); } else if ("llSitTarget" == callable) // (offset, rot) { llSitTarget(llList2Vector(ps, 0), llList2Rot(ps, 1)); } else if ("llSleep" == callable) // (sec) { llSleep(llList2Float(ps, 0)); } else { meaningful = FALSE; } // Return an empty list if callable returns no result if (meaningful) { return []; // FIXME: indistinguishable from callable meaningless } // Return an empty list if callable meaningless return []; } // Return the entries between the first index and the lastPlus index. // cf. http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/Slice_List_String_Etc // cf. http://www.google.com/search?q=site:docs.python.org+slice list listGetBetween(list entries, integer first, integer lastPlus) { // Count negative indices back from beyond, stopping at zero integer beyond = llGetListLength(entries); if (first < 0) { first += beyond; if (first < 0) { first = 0; } } if (lastPlus < 0) { lastPlus += beyond; if (lastPlus < 0) { lastPlus = 0; } } // Slice if indices nonnegative and strictly ordered if (first < lastPlus) // implies && (1 <= lastPlus) { return llList2List(entries, first, lastPlus - 1); } // Else return the empty list return []; } // Return the chars between the first index and the lastPlus index. // cf. http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/Slice_List_String_Etc // cf. http://www.google.com/search?q=site:docs.python.org+slice string stringGetBetween(string chars, integer first, integer lastPlus) { // Count negative indices back from beyond, stopping at zero integer beyond = llStringLength(chars); if (first < 0) { first += beyond; if (first < 0) { first = 0; } } if (lastPlus < 0) { lastPlus += beyond; if (lastPlus < 0) { lastPlus = 0; } } // Slice if indices nonnegative and strictly ordered if (first < lastPlus) // implies && (1 <= lastPlus) { return llGetSubString(chars, first, lastPlus - 1); } // Else return the empty string return ""; } // Call llParseString2List for each of the sources. // Return the results in order. // cf. http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/Separate_Words list applyLlParseString2List(list sources, list separators, list spacers) { list words = []; integer index; integer lenSources = llGetListLength(sources); for (index = 0; index < lenSources; ++index) { string source = llList2String(sources, index); words += llParseString2List(source, separators, spacers); } return words; } // Divide a source string into words. // See the chars between separators or spacers, and each spacer, as a word. // Never see the empty string as a word. // cf. http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/Separate_Words list separateWords(string chars, list separators, list spacers) { // Begin with all chars in one word list words = [chars]; // List the chars between spacers, and each spacer, as a word integer index; integer lenSpacers = llGetListLength(spacers); for (index = 0; index < lenSpacers; index += 8) { list some = llList2List(spacers, index, index + 8 - 1); words = applyLlParseString2List(words, [], some); } // Discard the separators after letting the separators separate words // integer index; integer lenSeparators = llGetListLength(separators); for (index = 0; index < lenSeparators; index += 8) { list some = llList2List(separators, index, index + 8 - 1); words = applyLlParseString2List(words, some, []); } // Succeed return words; } // Fetch named values, keep spacers, discard separators and commentary. // Along the way, rejoin any quotation broken into words. // Trust the caller to have kept at least the separators inside quotations. list assignValues(list words) { // Begin with nothing list values = []; // Divide the command into words, but also shatter quotations integer lenWords = llGetListLength(words); // Consider each word or word of a quotation integer index = 0; while (index < lenWords) { string word = llList2String(words, index++); // Join together the words of a quotation if (word == quote) { string value = ""; do { word = llList2String(words, index++); if (word != quote) { value += word; } } while ((word != quote) && (index < lenWords)); // Quote the chars simply, so the quotation is never found in spacers values += quote + value + quote; } // Discard slash slash commentary else if ((word == "/") && (llList2String(words, index) == "/")) { return values; } // Discard separators else if (0 <= llListFindList(separators(), [word])) { ; } // Keep spacers else if (0 <= llListFindList(spacers, [word])) { values += word; // often (word == valueOf(word)) here } // Fetch named values else { values += valueOf(word); } } // Succeed return values; } // Return an equivalent source string. // Pass each quoted parameter value to the callable. // Compare llDumpList2String string toSourceString(string callable, list values) { string chars = callable + "("; // Take each quoted parameter in order integer opened = -1; integer index; integer lenValues = llGetListLength(values); for (index = 0; index < lenValues; ++index) { list value = llList2List(values, index, index); string word = (string) value; // Separate inside of each list if (word == "[") { opened = 0; } if ((index != (opened + 1)) && (word != "]")) { chars += ", "; } // Append the quoted parameter chars += word; } // Succeed chars += ");"; return chars; } // Fetch an indexed parameter of list type. // Compare llList2Rot llList2String llList2Vector etc. list list2ListEntry(list parameters, integer index) { // Step thru links back to the start of this last parameter integer depth = llList2Integer(parameters, index); integer offset = -1; while (0 < depth--) { offset -= llList2Integer(parameters, offset + 0); } // Return the zero or more entries integer lengthPlus = llList2Integer(parameters, offset + 0); integer lenEntries = (lengthPlus - 1); list entries = listGetBetween(parameters, offset - lenEntries, offset); return entries; } // Return a list of one parameter per entry on the left // by moving the entries of list type parameters // into a linked list of fetchable lists on the right. list indexParameters(string callable, list passables) { // Begin with nothing and begin outside of [ ... ] list indexables = []; list fetchables = []; integer depth = 0; // no lists found integer opened = -1; // not open // Take each quoted parameter in order integer index; integer lenPassables = llGetListLength(passables); for (index = 0; index < lenPassables; ++index) { list passable = llList2List(passables, index, index); string word = (string) passable; // Count the zero or more passables enclosed by [ ... ] if ((word == "]") && (0 <= opened)) { integer lenEntries = llGetListLength(indexables) - opened; // Substitute the nonnegative length for those passables list entries = listGetBetween(indexables, opened, llGetListLength(indexables)); indexables = listGetBetween(indexables, 0, opened) + depth; ++depth; // Move these passables into the linked list on the right fetchables = (lenEntries + 1) + fetchables; // also count the depth as a flat added fetchables = entries + fetchables; // Consume the "[" from before opened = -1; } // Open with "[" til "]" found if (word == "[") { opened = llGetListLength(indexables); } else if (word == "]") { opened = -1; } // Unquote each string parameter simply else if (llGetListEntryType(passable, 0) == TYPE_STRING) { string chars = word; if (llGetSubString(word, 0, 0) == quote) { chars = stringGetBetween(word, 1, -1); // maybe empty } indexables += chars; } // Add the other parameters in order else { indexables += passable; } } // Succeed return indexables + fetchables; } // Quote each string result simply, so that each result is never found in spacers. // Pass thru any other results unchanged. list quoteResults(list results) { // Begin with nothing list listables = []; // Consider quoting the one result, else every result enclosed in [ ... ] integer first = 0; integer last = 0; integer beyond = llGetListLength(results); if (1 < llGetListLength(results)) { first = 1; last = beyond - 2; } // Take each result in order integer index; for (index = first; index <= last; ++index) { // Quote each string result (or key result) simply integer resultType = llGetListEntryType(results, index); if ((resultType == TYPE_STRING) || (resultType == TYPE_KEY)) { list result = llList2List(results, index, index); string word = (string) result; // listables += "(key) " + quote + word + quote; // no listables += quote + word + quote; } // List all other results unchanged else { list result = llList2List(results, index, index); listables += result; } } // Enclose a list of zero or more results in [ ... ], else return one result if (1 < beyond) { return "[" + listables + "]"; } return listables; } // Interpret one list of words. list fetchResults(list values) { // Begin with nothing list results = []; list depths = []; // Take each action in order integer index; integer lenValues = llGetListLength(values); for (index = 0; index < lenValues; ++index) { list value = llList2List(values, index, index); string word = (string) value; // Count results of "( ... )" or of "< ... >" if ((word == "(") || (word == "<")) { depths += llGetListLength(results); // push the depth } else if ((word == ")") || (word == ">")) { // Pop the depth of "(" or "<" opened without ">" or ")" to close integer first = llList2Integer(depths, -1); depths = listGetBetween(depths, 0, -1); // pop the tail // Pop the zero or more parameters list passables = listGetBetween(results, first, llGetListLength(results)); results = listGetBetween(results, 0, first); // llOwnerSay("..." + "(" + llList2CSV(passables) + ") == passables"); // Choose the callable to receive the parameters string callable = "<>"; // "<>" for vector source or rotation source if (word == ")") { callable = "()"; // "" for type casts list passable0 = llList2List(passables, 0, 0); if ((llGetListLength(passables) != 1) || (llListFindList(types, passable0) < 0)) { callable = llList2String(results, -1); results = listGetBetween(results, 0, -1); // pop the tail } // Unquote the callable simply if (llGetSubString(callable, 0, 0) == quote) { callable = stringGetBetween(callable, 1, -1); // unquote simply, even if empty } } // Often chat back each call if (theShouldEcho && (llListFindList(["()", "<>"], [callable]) < 0)) { llOwnerSay(toSourceString(callable, passables)); } // Call with a list of parameters list parameters = indexParameters(callable, passables); // llOwnerSay("(" + llList2CSV(parameters) + ") == parameters"); list quotables = resultOf(callable, parameters); // llOwnerSay("(" + llList2CSV(quotables) + ") == quotables"); list listables = quoteResults(quotables); // llOwnerSay("(" + llList2CSV(listables) + ") == listables"); results += listables; } // Push any other word as a parameter, without change else { results += value; } } // Succeed return results; } // Hear and echo and obey the chat of the owner at the channel. default { state_entry() { // llOwnerSay(llGetScriptName() + ".default.state_entry"); llListen(theChannel, "", llGetOwner(), ""); } dataserver(key queryid, string data) { llOwnerSay(toSourceString("dataserver", quoteResults([queryid]) + quoteResults([data]))); } listen(integer channel, string name, key id, string message) { // llOwnerSay(llGetScriptName() + ".default.listen"); // Compile and run llOwnerSay("// " + message); list words = separateWords(message, [], separators() + spacers); // llOwnerSay(llList2CSV(words) + " == words"); list values = assignValues(words); // llOwnerSay(llList2CSV(values) + " == values"); list results = fetchResults(values); // llOwnerSay(llList2CSV(results) + " == results"); // Chat back the results, if not empty if (results != []) { llOwnerSay(stringGetBetween(toSourceString("", results), 1, -2)); } // llOwnerSay("OK"); } }