llSubStringIndex

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Summary

Function: integer llSubStringIndex( string source, string pattern );
0.0 Forced Delay
10.0 Energy

Returns an integer that is the index of the first instance of pattern in source.

• string source – what to search in (haystack)
• string pattern – what to search for (needle)

If pattern is not found in source, -1 is returned.
The index of the first character in the string is 0

Caveats

  • Performs a literal match (case sensitive).
    • Wildcards and RegEx are not supported.
  • If pattern is an empty string the value returned is 0 rather than -1.
  • There is no function to search the string starting at a specific offset. check See Also for a function to search from the end.

Examples

default
{
    touch_start(integer num_detected)
    {
        string  name       = llDetectedName(0);
        integer spaceIndex = llSubStringIndex(name, " ");

//      no conditional check is needed for (spaceIndex == -1)
//      because we KNOW the legacy name must have a space

//      extract the substring from the first character to the one before the space
        string  firstName  = llGetSubString(name, 0, spaceIndex - 1);

        llSay(PUBLIC_CHANNEL, firstName + " touched me.");
    }
}

default
{
    state_entry()
    {
        llSensorRepeat("", NULL_KEY, AGENT_BY_LEGACY_NAME, PI, 96.0, 20);
    }

    sensor(integer num_detected)
    {
    //  Loop through all the sensor data and match against " Linden", 
    //  this causes it to match with any last name of Linden (since there can't be spaces before the firstname)
    //  Alternatively you could match a firstname with "FirstName " or anything else

        integer index;
        do
        {
            key avatarKey = llDetectedKey(index);
            string avatarLegacyName = llDetectedName(index);

        //  watch out for the bitwise-NOT (~)
        //  the next line translates to if (indexOfSearchedStringInOtherString != -1)
            integer isReallyALinden = ~llSubStringIndex(avatarLegacyName, " Linden");

            if (isReallyALinden)
                llInstantMessage(avatarKey, "Hello, I see you!");
        }
        while (++index < num_detected);
    }
}

Basic Example: 

integer index = llSubStringIndex("string data","TEST");
if(index == -1) {
    llSay(PUBLIC_CHANNEL,"TEST was not found in the string");
} else {
    llSay(PUBLIC_CHANNEL,"TEST was found in the string.");
}

String Cheese

//This example shows how you can ask if a word or group of words is in a given string.
//There is a limitation with this function. Your search of the string is for an exact match (case sensitive)
//so the string_example below would be hard to match.

string string_example = "ThIs serVes As aN exaMplE sTrinG. It ISn't toO coMPleX bUt HaS sOme mIlD vARietY";

//If you chat a question "Search for search_word" within range of the object this script is in
//it will recognize (by searching the chat msg) the "search for" part and take the word or words following it
//and check the string_example for those words.

string search_test_a = "seArCh foR";

//The example below works the same way but searches for the word in front of the recognized trigger question.

string search_test_b = "is the word I seek";

//Using this variable provides a way to manipulate the word(s) during the script without damaging the msg.
                   
string search_word;

// Provide a mnemonic for the -1 return code that means NOT FOUND
integer NOT_FOUND = -1;

default
{
    on_rez(integer param)//Although reseting the script on_rez provides many benefits
    { //in some cases it would be a bad idea because stored variables, lists and queued events would be trashed.
        llResetScript();
    }
    state_entry()
    {   //This is just for fun (but better to know what object is talking to you).
        llSetObjectName("String Cheese");
        llListen(PUBLIC_CHANNEL, "", llGetOwner(), "");//Listen to you on the public chat channel for everything you say.
    }
    listen(integer chan, string name, key id, string msg)
    {
        if(llSubStringIndex(llToUpper(msg), llToUpper(search_test_a)) != NOT_FOUND)
        {
            search_word = llStringTrim(llGetSubString(msg, llStringLength(search_test_a), -1), STRING_TRIM);
            if(llSubStringIndex(llToUpper(string_example), llToUpper(search_word)) != NOT_FOUND)
            {
                llSay(PUBLIC_CHANNEL, "I have found the word " + "''" + search_word + "''" + " in the example string");
            }
            else                         
            {
                llSay(PUBLIC_CHANNEL, "I cannot find the word " + "''" + search_word + "''" + " in the example string.");
            }
        }
        if(llSubStringIndex(msg, search_test_b) != NOT_FOUND)
        {
            search_word = llStringTrim(llGetSubString(msg, 0, (llSubStringIndex(msg, search_test_b)-1)), STRING_TRIM);
            if(llSubStringIndex(string_example, search_word) != NOT_FOUND)
            {
                llSay(PUBLIC_CHANNEL, "I have found the word " + "''" + search_word + "''" + " in the example string");
            }
            else
            {
                llSay(PUBLIC_CHANNEL, "I cannot find the word " + "''" + search_word + "''" + " in the example string.");
            }
        }
    }
}

Useful Snippets

Tests to see if one string contains a copy of another:

1. Concise & conventional: 

integer contains(string haystack, string needle) // http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/llSubStringIndex
{
    return 0 <= llSubStringIndex(haystack, needle);
}

integer startswith(string haystack, string needle) // http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/llSubStringIndex
{
    return llDeleteSubString(haystack, llStringLength(needle), 0x7FFFFFF0) == needle;
}

integer endswith(string haystack, string needle) // http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/llSubStringIndex
{
    return llDeleteSubString(haystack, 0x8000000F, ~llStringLength(needle)) == needle;
}

Note: Some of the snippets above return a result without ever calling llSubStringIndex.

2. Clever & smaller (calculates contains in ~54 bytes rather than ~60): 

integer contains(string haystack, string needle) // http://wiki.secondlife.com/wiki/llSubStringIndex
{
    return ~llSubStringIndex(haystack, needle);
}

Note: The llSubStringIndex function returns -1 only when not found and the ~ operator returns zero only for -1, so the clever combination ~llSubStringIndex returns zero only for not found, else nonzero for found.

Note: Smaller was not noticeably faster or slower when our Code Racer and Efficiency Tester harnesses measured the expression { contains("wiki.secondlife.com", "wiki"); }.

See Also

Functions

•  llListFindList – Find a list in another list
•  llGetSubString – Copy out part of a string of characters
•  uSubStringLastIndex – Returns an integer that is the index of the last pattern in source.

Deep Notes

Signature

function integer llSubStringIndex( string source, string pattern );
Retrieved from "https://wiki.secondlife.com/w/index.php?title=LlSubStringIndex&oldid=1194363"