Limits

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Summary

The Second Life Viewer and simulators have a division of labor, keeping track of the data that makes Second Life run. The Viewer's job is to:

Handle locations of objects.
Get velocities and other physics information, and does simple physics to keep track of what is moving where.

The simulator's job is to:

Run the physics engine.
Detect collisions.
Keep track of where everything is
Send locations of content to the Viewer along with updates when certain changes occur.

Limits are necessary for all of these components to work together. The list below outlines many of the Second Life numerical limits that affect your inworld experience. Some of these will likely change over time, so if you spot something incorrect/outdated, please take a moment to update it.

Important: The scope of this page is focused on Linden Lab's official Viewers, keeping in mind 3rd-party viewers may differ. Cite sources and provide substantiation for limits that aren't provided by Linden Lab. Also, unconfirmed speculation goes on this discussion page. Don't add data without a hard limit, and don't add obscure trivia that doesn't practically affect the general inworld experience.

Avatar

Max. # of attachments - 38 combined HUD or body attachments.
- They can be viewed by right-clicking your avatar and choosing Take Off > HUD or Detach.
- With the formal introduction of multiple attachments to a single point in Viewer 2.4, you can attach up to 38 total objects, and they can all be attached to a single point.
Max. # of clothing layers per slot - 5 (this includes alpha and Tattoo Layers)
Max Clothing Texture - 512x512px - Server Side Appearance will downsize larger textures.
Max. unassisted fly height - Stable hover at 5064m.
- You can easily acquire a flight attachment to fly high. Also see flight limit and the Navigation section below.
Common shoe sizes - Most women's shoes are designed for a size 0 (zero) foot. Men's generally scale up to 14.
- You can check this by going to Edit menu > Appearance and clicking on the Shape > Legs tab.
Max. length of avatar name - 31 for first name, 31 for last name, 63 in total (including the space).

Max. length of Username - All lower case and a maximum of 63 including the '.'(eg; firstname.lastname)
- Older account user names are a combination of the First and last name in lower case separated by a period(.)(eg; lilmix.pixelmaid)
- Modern user names are a single name(no period)(eg; john1234) - Max. length is 31 characters
- The Legacy Names for modern user names always shows Resident as the last name. So the Max is 40 characters in total for a new avatar's legacy name(including the space and last name 'Resident')
Min. length of Display_Names - At least one script character
Max. length of Display Names - 31 characters
- Display Names can include most Unicode script characters, spaces, and some punctuation.

Max. avatar speed - 250m/s (with only attachments to assist)
Max. teleport speed
- Server 1.27.1 - 10 teleports per 15 seconds
- Server 1.27.0 - 3 teleports per 15 seconds

Animation

Category	Limit affects	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment	More coverage
Animation	Length of animation	n/a	60.0 seconds	Limited by length or Size, whichever is reached first	n/a
Animation	Size of Animation	n/a	120k bytes	Limited by length or Size, whichever is reached first	n/a
Animation	animation priority	0	4, with custom tools 5	n/a	Animation_Priority
Animation	Number of unique joints per animation	n/a	32	n/a	n/a

Building

Category	Limit affects	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment	More coverage
BUILDING	Prim dimensions	<0.01, 0.01, 0.01>	<64.0, 64.0, 64.0>	Used to be <10.0, 10.0, 10.0> prior to Second Life Server version 11.08.17.238770	llSetScale, PRIM_SIZE and Megaprim
BUILDING	Number of prims in a linkset	n/a	256 prims	Used to be 255 prior to Second Life Server version 1.26	n/a
BUILDING	Linking distance	n/a	Linkability_Rules	n/a	n/a
BUILDING	Physics cost for a physical object	n/a	32.0	Additional notes: If you try to link more, it'll either say "Can't enable physics for objects with more than 32 primitives" or "Object has too many primitives -- its dynamics have been disabled.". On server versions 1.38 and below, each sitting avatar counted as 1 prim. From 1.40.2 the limit is only on actual prims.	OBJECT_PHYSICS_COST
BUILDING	Build or rez height	n/a	4096.0 meters	768.0 meters for Viewers prior to version 1.20	n/a
BUILDING	Prim name length	n/a	63 bytes UTF-8 string	same limit for avatar names, although the character set for avatar names is significantly limited.	n/a
BUILDING	Prim description length	n/a	127 bytes UTF-8 string	n/a	n/a
BUILDING	Temporary prims' lifetime	n/a	up to around 60 seconds	depends upon when the next garbage collector cycle is	n/a
BUILDING	Number of temporary prims	n/a	RegionPrimLimit - NumberOfPrimsInRegion + Minimum(0.5*RegionPrimLimit, 1000)	n/a	n/a
BUILDING	Length of hovertext	n/a	254 bytes UTF-8 string	n/a	llSetText and PRIM_TEXT

Communication

Category	Limit affects	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment	More coverage
Communication	Whisper distance	n/a	10 meters	`/whisper` as the first few characters in a message can be used in viewer-2-code based viewers in local chat.	n/a
Communication	Chat distance	n/a	20 meters	text spoken as a "chat" step within gestures cannot be shouted or whispered.	n/a
Communication	Shout distance	n/a	100 meters	`/shout` as the first few characters in a message can be used in viewer-2-code based viewers in local chat.	n/a
Communication	Length of a chat message and whether or not it is truncated	1 byte or single-byte character	1024 bytes or single-byte characters	Limit does not apply to instant messages via llInstantMessage and communication between IM and email, the limit there is 1180 bytes or single-byte characters. This is true as of 2012-08-13.	llInstantMessage
Communication	Number of offline messages	n/a	Capped at 25 messages.	Number of offline messages (involving IMs, inventory offers, group notices, group invitations) received before messages get capped.	IM
Communication	Length of a properly delivered email reply to an IM	n/a	1023 bytes or single-byte characters	n/a	n/a
Communication	Time after which a reply to an IM can be sent via email.	when receiving the IM via email.	5 days after receiving the offline IM via email.	n/a	Second Life Blogs
Communication	Time period for which IMs are stored within Second Life.	n/a	31 days after receiving the IM	Torley Linden confirmed this with Kelly Linden	n/a
Communication	Number of IMs sent by an object within an hour	n/a	5000 per hour	n/a	n/a

Gestures

Category	Limit affects	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment	More coverage
Gesture	Shortcut key mappings	n/a	33 unique combinations, since F2–F12 can be used with the Ctrl or Shift ⇧ modifiers.	n/a	All_keyboard_shortcut_keys and Viewer_2_Quick_Start_Guide/Appendix_-_Keyboard_Shortcuts
Gesture	Chat step length	n/a	127 bytes or single-byte characters	n/a	n/a
Gesture	Wait time	n/a	3600 seconds (which is one hour)	n/a	n/a

Groups

Maximum number of groups you can belong to: 42
- Roles within groups are sort of like sub-groups. In many cases, you can use them instead of creating new groups.
Minimum number of members in a group: 2
- A group with only 1 person for 48 hours will be disbanded (cancelled). Unless the group owns land.
Maximum number of roles allowed in a group: 10 (including "Owners" and "Everyone", which cannot be deleted)
Maximum Group Name: 35 single-byte characters.
Maximum Group Title: 20 single-byte characters.
Maximum Length of a Group Notice: 512 single-byte characters.

Inventory

Maximum number of inventory items that can be sent in a folder: 42
- Folders count as items too. This has more to do with packet size limits than cheeky Douglas Adams references.
Maximum number of inventory items that can be contained in a prim: None, but more items increase the loading time when you open it.
Maximum characters in an inventory item name: 63
Maximum notecard line: None, but scripts can only read the first 255 bytes.
Maximum notecard size: 65,536 bytes
Number of items in the Library: 1,248 as of 2010-06-17
Number of items in the Library: 2,210 as of 2012-11-04
- Verified by hiding the Library and counting the difference.
Maximum number of inventory items Displayed in an Inventory Folder: Approximately 10,000.
- This was discussed during [1] "the folder will load up to the limit number of items, and remaining ones won't show up in the viewer. you still own them, they aren't lost, but they will be hidden until the folder size is reduced."

Land

Maximum parcel size: 65,536 meters²
- Covering a whole region, or square on the World Map.
Minimum parcel size: 16 meters²
Maximum parcel name length: 63 single-byte characters
Maximum parcel description length: 255 characters
Region name length: Under Linden Concierge policy, minimum of 3 characters, and a maximum of 25 characters (including spaces). See Guidelines for Private Region Naming.
- Rare exceptions exist, like Q.
Maximum ban line height for "no entry" or "pay to access" (in other words, "allow public access" is turned off in the parcel options) is the parcel's ground elevation plus 50 meters. If a user is explicitly banned by name, the height is the parcel's ground elevation plus 5000 meters. On current viewers this is visible to the full extent.
Maximum prims in a region:
- Full region: 15,000
- Homestead: 3,750
- Openspace: 750
Maximum auto return value: Besides "0" (which means never), 999,999 minutes is the highest auto return value.
Terraforming limits:
- Most mainland can be raised/lowered by 4 meters (+/-).
- Some mainland cannot be terraformed, including: Bay City regions, Blumfield, Boardman, Brown, De Haro, Kama City regions, Nautilus City regions, Nova Albion regions, Shermerville regions, and West Haven.
- A few, very old mainland Regions like Da Boom have a terraform range of 40 meters (+/-).
- Estate (private island) terraformability is settable to a maximum of 100 meters (+/-) by the estate owner or managers.
Maximum water height: 100 meters using inworld controls (mainland limit), 255 meters by using a *.raw file upload.
- Region water height is usually 20 meters, and adjacent regions should have the same water height, or else they will look discontinuous.
Maximum terrain height: 255 meters using inworld controls (mainland limit), 510 meters by using a *.raw file upload.
Miscellaneous estate limits: You can have a maximum of 10 estate managers, 500 allowed Residents, 63 allowed groups, and 500 banned Residents.
- See World menu > Region/Estate > Estate tab.
Mainland maximum number of agents
- Full region: 100 (Historically set to 40 by LL but this does vary. Some meeting areas have this set to 60 and higher.)
  - Recent server performance improvements make regions with 60 agents in them perform quite well.
- Homestead: 20
- Openspace: 10
Island maximum number of agents:
- Full region: 100
- Homestead: 20
- Openspace: 10
Freeze Time: Land owners can freeze other Residents for up to 30 seconds. Members of land owning groups can also be granted this ability.
Minimum parcel that can be listed in Places or All search: 144 meters²
Minimum parcel that can be listed in Events: 512 meters²
Maximum altitude for event listings: 768 meters (WEB-814)
Maximum heights that objects can be seen on the World Map: 400.005m
Classic clouds layer: Approximately 150-225 meters, although the edges of particles can appear to exceed that.

Mesh

Category	Limit affects	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment	More coverage
Mesh	Number of vertices	n/a	65536 vertices per LOD for each mesh	n/a	n/a
Mesh	COLLADA file size	n/a	Maximum mesh asset size after compression is 8 MB, roughly equivalent to a 256 MB Raw COLLADA file.	n/a	n/a
Mesh	Bone influence weights per vertex	n/a	4	n/a	n/a
Mesh	Number of materials per mesh	n/a	8	n/a	n/a
Mesh	Number of materials per face	n/a	1	n/a	n/a
Mesh	Physics weight for a vehicle	n/a	32.0	n/a	n/a

User Found Temporary Mesh limits:

Because of an apparent bug in the importer stay within these limits.

174,752 triangles, beyond which additional triangles will appear as holes.
The 64k vertices per material is pre-empted by a limit of 21,844 triangles per material, which is presently reported as a bug. (2/2013)

The import process will continue making new materials beyond 8 x 21,844 (=174,752) triangles, but the extra triangles then get dropped by the limitation to 8 materials, causing holes in the resulting object. Over the 21,844 triangle limit, the vertex count will start to climb steeply, even with smooth shading, because the materials get highly interspersed. So the same vertices have to appear in multiple material lists. So the moral of the story is to stay below 21,844 triangles per material, for now, if you want to avoid some unexpected effects.

Misc.

Billing and Trading Limits - Includes LindeX currency exchange limits.
Contacts in Communication > Friends tab - A maximum of 20 simultaneous contacts can be selected to change permissions, remove, or invite for a conference chat.

Navigation

Height counter error above 2147483647 meters

Absolute height limit: 2147483647 = 2³¹ − 1 meters, which causes the altitude counter to roll over. Altitudes well below this cause graphics errors probably due to limited floating point number precision.
Highest z-value of an SLurl, that will still teleport you to a positive altitude: 2147483583
- This is lower than the Absolute height limit above probably because of precision issues. Any value higher than 2147483583 would be rounded up to something beyond 2147483647 and thus cause an overflow, while 2147483583 will still be rounded down to 2147483520 (see below).
Highest altitude you can teleport to with an SLurl: 2147483520 meters

Profile

Each 7-bit ASCII character is encoded in one byte. International characters might need more bytes. When pasting text instead of typing, you can get in one byte more into each of the below.

2nd Life tab's About field - 510 bytes
Picks tab - 10 picks with 1022 bytes each
1st Life tab's Info field - 253 bytes
Classified tab - 100 listings with x bytes each
My Notes - 1022 bytes

Performance

Healthy Viewer FPS - Generally, FPS above 15 is good. The higher it gets, the smoother. You can check via Help menu > Lag Meter, or for more advanced usage, see View menu > Statistics Bar.
Avatar Rendering Cost scores - Learn all about it!

Scripting

Height at which scripts reactivate on a no-script parcel - 50 m above terrain mesh. Scripted objects that take controls continue to remain active when you fly down or enter a no-script parcel.
Maximum height where scripts can run - none, as long as the object remains rezzed or attached.
Maximum script source code size - 65536 single byte characters (that's a viewer limit and can be changed in the config file 'panel_script_ed.xml').
Maximum script memory size (LSO) - 16384 bytes.
Maximum script memory size (Mono) - 65536 bytes (the maximum memory available to Mono scripts can be constrained via llSetMemoryLimit).
Maximum active listeners per script - 65.
- Usable channel for each listener - min. -2147483648, max. 2147483647, including the following special channels: PUBLIC_CHANNEL and DEBUG_CHANNEL.
For specific scripting limits, look up calls in the LSL Portal.

Sound

Category	Limit affects	Lower limit	Upper limit	Comment	More coverage
Sound	Sound length	n/a	any length less than 10.0 seconds	You're advised to cut longer sounds into 9.9-second-pieces.	n/a

Textures

Aspect ratios of profile, place, etc. pictures — all of these were measured at UI size (Edit menu > Preferences > General tab > UI Size) = 1.000:

1.x Series Viewers

(official Viewer up to 1.23.5, most Third Party Viewers)

Search > All for "Classifieds", "People", and "Places" - 4:3 (256×192 pi×els)
Search > Places and Classified tabs - ~7:5 (398×282 pixels)
Search > Land tab - ~7:5 (358×252 pixels)
Profile > 2nd Life tab - ~4:3 (178×133 pixels)
Profile > Picks tab - 16:9 (288×162 pixels)
Profile > 1st Life tab - 1:1 (133×133 pixels)
Profile > Classifieds tab - ~3:2 (206×137 pixels)
Profile > Web tab - 1:1 (400×400 pixels)
- A scrollbar uses 15 pixels on the right-hand side.
About Land > Options tab - ~3:2 (178×117 pixels)
Group Information > General tab's "Group Insignia" - 1:1 (126×126 pixels)
- Some of these textures are shared (for example, Search > All place pages, Search > Places, and About Land > Options use the same image), so you should pick a well-balanced ratio and size.
- Learn how to get correct texture aspect ratios when editing images.

2.x Series Viewers

Search > Classifieds thumbnail - 4:3 (60×45 pixels)
Search > Classifieds expanded - ~4:3 (252×188 pixels)
Search > Classifieds expanded > Details - 17:7 (272×112 pixels)
Search > People - 4:3 (188×141 pixels)
Search > Destination Guide thumbnail - ~4:3 (45×34 pixels)
Search > Destination Guide expanded - 5:3 (250×150 pixels)
Profile > 2nd Life tab - ~1:1 (100×99 pixels)
Profile > Picks thumbnail - 8:5 (88×55 pixels)
Profile > Pick expanded - ~5:3 (285×172 pixels)
About Land > Options tab - ~20:13 (193×125 pixels)
Places > More information - ~11:7 (272×173 pixels)

All Viewers

Maximum texture size - 1024×1024 pixels
- All Second Life textures are constrained to powers of 2 (e.g., 128, 256, 512).
- Some textures inworld have a resolution as high as 2048×2048; this is due to a previous limit that was higher.
- We strongly recommend you use as small textures as possible because larger ones consume more memory and take substantially longer to load.
- Where large textures are being forced by import to only 512×512, lower your ...> Preferences >...> UI Size under 1.0, to increase import size to the max 1024×1024.

Notes

In general 1 byte is enough to contain one character.